Mid-continent Research for Education and Learning

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List of Benchmarks for World History

Standard 21.Understands the rise of the Mongol Empire and its consequences for Eurasian peoples from 1200 to 1350
  Level II (Grade 5-6)
   1. Understands the significance of Chinggis Khan (e.g., the major achievements of Chinggis Khan, the geographical extent of Chinggis Khan's conquests, the role military technology may have played in the success of Mongol military campaigns)
   2. Understands Mongol interaction with different cultures (e.g., how Mongol rule affected economy, society, and culture in China and Korea; how Southeast Asians and Japanese resisted incorporation into the Mongol empire; how citizens responded to Mongol rule)
  Level III (Grade 7-8)
   1. Understands political, social, and cultural features of the Mongol Empire (e.g., the chronology and consequences of the Mongol conquests of 1206 to 1279 on China, Southeast Asia, Russia, and Southwest Asia; the relative strengths and weaknesses of the nomadic Mongol lifestyle with regard to social, political, and economic organization, and why the Mongols prevailed; what legend and fact reveal about Mongol conquest and Mongol warriors)
   2. Understands the influence of the "Golden Horde" in various regions (e.g., the impact of the "Golden Horde" rule on the peoples of Eastern Europe and Russia, the major accomplishments of Batu)
  Level IV (Grade 9-12)
   1. Understands the political features of the Mongol Empire and its influence on other regions (e.g., the political character of Mongol rule in China, Central Asia, southwest Asia, and Russia; the significance of the "Pax Mongolica" and how long-distance communication and trade led to cultural and technological diffusion across Eurasia; how Mongol military organization and techniques led to victory in their conquests between 1206 and 1279)
   2. Understands factors that contributed to the division and eventual decline of the Mongol Empire after the death of Chinggis Kahn (e.g., disputes over succession, the absence of a bureaucracy, conflicts between nomadic traditions and the ideas of conquered urban cultures)
   3. Understands the interaction between the Mongols and cultures of Mongol domination (e.g., the Islamization of the Golden Horde and the Khanate of Persian-Iraq; why the Mongols did not conquer the Mamluks in Northern Africa; comparisons between Mongol and Muslim society and culture; the extent of Mongol control of Southwest Asia; relations between Chinese artists and the Mongol court during the Yuan Dynasty; the advantages of living under Mongol rule for the Chinese, Russians, and Southwest Asians)
   4. Knows the trade routes that emerged under Mongol domination, and the goods traded along these routes
   5. Understands the usefulness of foreign sources in recording the history in areas of Mongol domination (e.g., the travels of Marco Polo, John of Plano Carpini, and Ibn Battuta)
   6. Knows the consequences of the death of the Great Khan Ogodei for the Mongol enterprise in Eastern Europe and that of the Great Khan Mongke for the Mongol plans to invade Egypt